Must
Zorunluluk ve konuşmacının kişisel arzusunu belirtir.
Konuşan kimse bir işi yapmanın önemli veya gerekli olduğunu düşünür ve kendi duygu ve düşüncesini belirtirken ‘must’lı cümleler kurar.
Subject + must + V1 + (Object)
I must do my homework.
You must stay in bed for a week. (Doctor says)
I must buy flowers for my mother.
It’s a fantastic film. You must see it.
I must go to the nearest bank to get some cash.
We’re in danger. You must do something.
I must say that I don’t think you were very nice to him.
You must come and see us some time.
I muststop smoking.
I must be home at 10 as I must study for the exam. (It is my own opinion)
Have to
Kural veya kanunlardan kaynaklanan zorunluluklar için ‘have to’ kullanılır.
3. bir şahıstan kaynaklanan zorunluluklar için de kullanılır.
I / You / We / They + have to + V1 + (Object)
He / She / It + has to + V1 + (Object)
We have to wear a uniform at high school.
A person has to be 18 to drive.
Drivers have to wear seat belts.
Everyone has to identity cards.
I have to take this medicine twice a day. (My doctor said)
Jennifer can’t come with you as she has to do the laundry.
In Turkey, you have to drive on the right.
John has to wear a tie at work.
I have to be home at 10. (My parents told me)
Catholics have to go to church on Sundays. (Their religion tells them)
Mustn’t
- Mustn’t yasak belirtir.
- Bir işi yapmak tehlikeli, saçma veya mantıksız ise bunu mustn’t ile anlatırız.
- Ayrıca yapılması sonucunda kötü bir sonuç meydana gelir.
- Subject + mustn’t + V1 + (Object)
- You mustn’t smoke here.
- You mustn’t make noise after twelve.
- Imustn’t forget Tara’s birthday.
- You mustn’t drink it as it’s very dangerous.
- Policemenmustn’t drink on duty.
- You mustn’t tell him the truth.
- You mustn’t speak loudly in the library.
- We mustn’t tell lies.
- You mustn’t be late for classes.
- We mustn’t leave the milk outside.
Don’t/Doesn’t Have to
Zorunluluğun bulunmadığı, ortadan kalktığı durumlarda don’t/doesn’t have to kullanılır.
I / You / We / They + don’t have to + V1 + (Object)
He / She / It + doesn’t have to + V1 + (Object)
It’s an informal meeting, so you don’t have to wear a tie.
Tomorrow is Sunday. I don’t have to work tomorrow.
We don’t have to come to school on weekends.
I don’t have to wear a uniform at university.
Cansel doesn’t have to pay bills since her father does.
I have a lot of time, so I don’t have to
I don’t have to get up early at the weekends.
My brother has an easy job. He doesn’t have to work hard.
Passengers in buses don’t have to wear seat belts.
You don’t have to go with me.
Must ..?
Must cümle başında kullanılarak soru cümleleri oluştur fakat zorunluluk durumunda soru sorarken daha çok have to kalıbını tercih ederiz. Must soru kalıbı yaygın değildir.
Must + subject + V1 + (Object)
Must we speak fluently in the video assignment?
Yes, you must. No, you mustn’t.
- Must he stay with us?
Yes, he must. No, he mustn’t.
Do/Does …?
Zorunluluk durumunda soru sorarken bu yapıyı kullanırız ve kullanılan özneye göre Do veya Does kullanılır.
Do I / You / We / They + have to + V1 + (Object)
Does He / She / It + have to + V1 + (Object)
Do we have to speak fluently in the video assignment?
Yes, you do. No, you don’t.
- Does she have to be in her dormitory until 7:30?
Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.